Formation of Our wonderful universe

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 A Brief History of the formation of universe 

In this blog we will discuss the evolution of universe from the big bang theory

 

The Big bang

In 1916, German Theoretical Physicist Albert Einstein put forth his theory of general relativity, which revolutionized our understanding of gravity. Einstein's theory also predicted that the universe was expanding. In 1929, American Astrophysicist Edwin Hubble observed the hydrogen spectra of distant galaxies and found that they were redshifted. From this observation, Hubble derived the relationship between the distance to a galaxy and its radial velocity, which provided evidence for the expansion of the universe predicted by Einstein

Later, English Theoretical Physicist Stephen Hawking, in his collaboration with Roger Penrose, developed the singularity theorem for his doctoral thesis, which predicted the existence of the singularities in the universe, This theorem also suggested that the universe may have started as a singularity 

According to the prevailing theory of cosmology, at the beginning of the universe, all the matter and energy of the universe were contained in an volume less than one-trillionth of the size of a single atom, the conditions during this time were so hot and the basic forces of the nature were so unified that they formed a single force. Although the origins of these forces are still unknown, this rapid expansion is what we today refer to as the Big Bang. The theory of big bang has been refined and expanded over time, with new discoveries and the advancements in technology helping to shape our understanding of the universe. Today. it is widely accepted as the most plausible explanation for the origin of our universe. 

Different phases of our universe's development 

With the help of singularity theorem given by Stephen Hawking we came to know about the start of the universe with a big bang, now what happened after big bang ?

Since the big bang we can divide our universe's development into different time intervals 

Time evolution of our universe 


Different phases of our universe 

Universe before 10^(-45) seconds:

We have no real understanding of what physics would be like at the energies prevailing before this time. This period is known as the Plank era , During this period the gravitational force may be quantized, and there may have been extra dimension beyond the four that we experience as space-time 

Universe between 10^(-45) - 10^(-35) seconds:

During this period there were formation of quarks and antiquarks (Quarks are the further divisions of proton and electron) and there were annihilation of most of the quarks due to the violation of the conservation laws of the particle only one in one billion quarks survived this annihilation period 

Universe between 10^(-35) and 10^(-12) seconds:

Universe at this point is 10^20 times older than when the last major event happened, very little activity occurred in this period and it is often referred to as a desert 

Universe during 10^2 and 10^3 seconds:

This period is known as the cosmic nucleosynthesis during this period most of the nucleons were fused and only about 25% of the matter survived during this period 

Universe after 10^11 seconds:

This is the period after which the first matter was formed which we are familiar with 

Universe after 10^16 seconds:

This is the period when Galaxies, Stars and Planets began to form 

Universe at 10^18 seconds:

This is the present age of our universe 


In Conclusion, the BIG Bang theory provides us with a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of the universe. From the singularity at the beginning of the time to the formation of matter, Galaxies, and stars the universe has undergone a remarkable journey that has been shaped by natural forces that we are still trying to comprehend. Our understanding of the universe continues to evolve with each new discover and technological advancement, and it is an existing time for the filed of cosmology.

In our next blog, we will explore the formation of the matter in more detail, discussing the processes that led to the creation of the elements that make up the universe as we know it today. We will also look at the role of stars in this process and how they continue to shape the universe through their cycles. So Stay tuned for the next Blog and join us as we unravel the mysteries of the cosmos 



The main aim of my blog, is to organize various physics concepts in a cohesive manner so that readers don't have to refer to multiple sources for knowledge. All the content in my blog is written after referring to a few reliable textbooks.

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